Hypertension: the little-known impact on memory
High blood pressure can impact the brain and cognitive functions.
Influence of high blood pressure on the brain
High blood pressure (HBP) is a very common condition, affecting nearly 30% of adults, and its incidence increases with age, being particularly marked in men. It is a major risk factor for many medical conditions, significantly increasing the likelihood of developing serious health problems.
An often overlooked fact is that the brain, being highly vascularized, is particularly sensitive to variations in blood pressure. Poorly controlled high blood pressure can cause damage to small blood vessels, causing them to harden and narrow. This has direct consequences on brain health: blood supply is reduced, resulting in a lack of oxygen and essential nutrients for neurons. This situation can lead to micro-lesions in the brain, but also to phenomena such as micro-bleeds.
Possible Significant Consequences
In addition, high blood pressure increases the likelihood of strokes. These strokes can occur either through an interruption of the blood supply to a certain area of the brain or through the rupture of a blood vessel, leading to hemorrhage. The consequences on cognitive function can be dramatic. Damage to the brain caused by poorly controlled high blood pressure or a stroke can cause a variety of cognitive disorders, ranging from memory and attention difficulties to more serious alterations in language, mood and behavior.
In its mildest forms, the impact of high blood pressure is manifested by a slight slowing of thought and difficulties in organizing, planning or solving problems. On the other hand, in more serious cases, such as in a hypertensive person who has suffered a stroke, the disorders can be much more significant, including a loss of the ability to express oneself orally, a very marked cognitive slowing, as well as depressive symptoms and amnesia.
Regular medical monitoring is essential to control your blood pressure. At the same time, adopting a healthy lifestyle plays a crucial role in preventing hypertension and, consequently, associated complications. Preventive measures, such as stress management, a balanced diet and physical exercise, are essential to reduce the risks of developing health problems related to high blood pressure.